RECOUNT TEXT - BATTLE OF SURABAYA

Hello all! today I will discuss recount text again. Yesterday we discussed recount text about my idol, now I will tell recount text about historical places, one of which is Surabaya.

You all must know Surabaya. Or have you all been there? Yap, Surabaya is one of the famous capitals of East Java province, as well as the largest metropolitan city in the province, and also the second largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta. Surabaya also known as a center for business, industry, trade, etc.

One of the famous histories in Surabaya is the story of “Battle of Surabaya”. The climax occurred on November 10, 1945 which we know as Heroes' Day. And one of the famous heroes in the battle of Surabaya is Bung Tomo.

The Battle  of Surabaya – November 10, 1945

Orientation

The moment of Indonesia to achieve independence on 17 august 1945 was not the end of the struggle. One day on the late October 1945, Brigadir Mallaby with those of 6000 British troops landed on Surabaya aiming to organize the recovery of allied prisoners of wars.

The landing of the Allied forces under the command of Brig-Gen. A.W.S. Mallaby in Surabaya on October 25, 1945 formally was intended to disarm the Japanese military. However, it became a dishonor upon the Indonesian sovereignty since there were the Dutch NICA forces behind the Allied forces. This provoked Surabaya people and led to small revolts which continued until November 3, 1945.

When the commander of the Allied forces, Brig-Gen Mallaby, was killed in an incident near Jembatan Merah (The Red Bridge) on October 30, 1945, the heated atmosphere was swept up. Without prior negotiation with President Soekarno, the Allied command issued an ultimatum forcing Surabaya people to surrender their arms at specific locations before 18:00 on November 9, 1945. If the order was not met with, the Allied forces would bombard Surabaya from the air, sea, and ashore.

Events

At dawn on November 10, the famous Battle of Surabaya broke out. British troops with an additional two brigades (9th and 123rd Indian) of the 5th Indian Division led by Major General Robert Mansergh deployed with Sherman and Stuart tanks began a methodical advance through the city under the cover of naval and air bombardment. They attacked Surabaya from all sides. Two cruisers and three destroyers including HMS Cavalier were in support. From the seaside at Tanjung Perak harbor, their gunfire was directed at the center of the city, while Allied bombers were sweeping from the air.

The allied forces, spearheaded by the British (Gurkha) troops and equipped with modern arms, found themselves up against a force of 20,000 troops of the newly-formed People's Security Army (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat), and more than 100,000 irregular fighters, all dedicated to the cause of Indonesian independence.

Reorientation

After three days and nights of the insolent assault, the hospitals and roads were full of victims. More than 6,000 Indonesian troops died and 200,000 civilians fled the devastated city. British and Indian casualties totaled approximately 600. The Allied forces lost another general in this battle when Brig. Gen Robert Guy Loder Symond was WIA on November 10, 1945 and died on the following day.

The battle of Surabaya was the bloodiest single engagement of the war demonstrating the determination of the nationalist forces. Their sacrificial resistance became a symbol and rallying-cry for the revolution. It made the British reluctant to be involved in another war. In fact, Britain openly supported the Republican cause in the United Nations. For the Dutch, it showed that the Republic was not simply a gang of collaborators without popular support, and that they were no longer a colonial power.

"We extremists and the masses cannot now trust in sweet talk. We distrust every movement they make…It is the masses in their thousands, starved, stripped and shamed by the colonialists who will rise to carry out the revolt….We extremists…would rather see Indonesia drowned in blood… than colonised any more… God will protect us! Merdeka!"

— Bung Tomo

Page 125 Structure:

Orientation (who, what, when, where):
The bloody battle took place in 1945 in Surabaya.

Series of events:
1. The Governor of Java and Brigadier Mallaby made an agreement.
2. Indonesians refused to surrender their weaponry to British army.
3. There was a misunderstanding between British troops in Jakarta and those in Surabaya, under the command of Brigadier A.W.WS. Mallaby
4. Leaflets were dropped all over Surabaya by a British plane from Jakarta.
5. The Indonesians felt angry and betrayed.
6. Brigadier Mallaby was killed.
7. British army began to advance into surabaya with cover with both naval and air bombardment.
8. The battle lasted for three weeks.
9. Many Indonesians died in the battle.

Reorientation (stating personal comments about the events:
10. The Battle of Surabaya awakened Indonesian and international people to support the Indonesian National Revolution

So thats all for me thankyou for take your time to read this blog. xoxo!